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The Objective of Physical Education
The small steps or efforts to achieve the goal are known as objectives. Different physical educationalists had various views regarding the objectives of physical education.
1. J.B Nash (1948)
a. Organic development
b. Neuromuscular development
c. interpretive development
d. Emotional development
2. H. Clarke
a. physical fitness
b. Social efficiency
c. Culture
3. American Physical Education Association (1934)
a. Physical fitness
b. Mental health and efficiency
c. Social-moral character
d. Emotional expression and control
e. Appreciation
By analyzing the different objectives of different educationalists we conclude that physical education has mainly five objectives:
1. Physical development: The foremost objective of physical education is physical development. It means possessing good health, teeth, hearing, eyesight, mental and physical ability to handle the body well, and the capacity to work hard over a long period without fatigue. It is the overall development of our body system such as the circulatory system, nervous system, digestive system, etc. Physical activities help in the development of size, shape, and efficiency of body systems.
2. Social development;
Man is a social animal and cannot live without society. His activeness in society proves his identity and helps in his personality development. Physical education develops qualities of adjustment, cooperation, togetherness, tolerance, leadership, self-control, discipline, etc. Physical education helps children in developing better interpersonal relationships through physical activities. Participation in team games helps children in developing team spirit.
3. Emotional development: Physical education provides opportunities to develop emotions and also teaches proper control over these emotions. One has emotions like courage, truthfulness, unselfishness, initiative, loyalty, cooperation, strength to face defeat or victory, sportsmanship, etc. A person should have control of these emotions in normal as well as pressurized conditions.
4. Mental development: Various physical activities not only require physical strength but also need alertness of mind, deep concentration, and precise movements. physical education improves the knowledge of individuals and enables them to face new situations and solve new problems. In fact, it is a two-way process as physical activities sharper the mind and on the other hand performing various activities, the concentration of the mind is essential because without concentration it is not possible to perform any activity. To perform in different games an individual needs to understand the rules and regulations of the games, different techniques of the games and should take independent decisions which help in mental development.
5. Neuro-muscular development: Physical activities improve neuromuscular coordination. Good coordination keeps away fatigue and reaction time also improves. In other words, it is the coordination of the brain and muscles. The neuromuscular skills help in developing the ability to do various activities like running, jumping, throwing, etc.
6. Development of health and nutrition: The development of health and nutrition is also an objective of physical education. Physical education not only improves fitness and sports skills but also increases the knowledge of overall physical health and nutrition. Physical Education teacher can teach their students about the benefits of healthy and nutritious food and should also inform them about the bad effects of junk food.
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